Carnival Case Issues

SPRING 2013 †GLOBAL STRATEGY AND POLICY MAN4720009_2013S_11202: , Schwartz: Tuesday and Thursday 9:30 to 10:50 AM †LA 331 GLOBAL STRATEGY AND POLICY MAN4720009_2013S_11202 Spring, 2013 Prepared for Professor Harry Schwartz, March 14, 2013 by the accompanying understudies: Robert OndercikZ8384Finance Ron AbrahamZ4458Accounting Jenna FranzoneZ3483Business Management Tabitha Palmisano Z0857Marketing Jeffrey VonZ7035Accounting Aaron SchneiderZ0653Business Management Sabine BorgesZ7510Accounting 1. Current Situation: CRITICAL CASE ISSUES Human Relations (CI #1) Employee and Labor LawsuitsEmployees of Carnival are guaranteeing unreasonable working conditions with poor pay. (CI #2) Succession Mr. Arison venturing down later on, who will run organization, third era Arison or another person. Activity/Logistics (CI #3) The Costa Concordia Cruise Ship claim Cruise transport laying on side, ecological hazard, and claims from crash. (CI #4) The Carnival Triumph dead at Gulf of Mexico Pe nding claims from this occasion, prompting progressively negative exposure (CI #5) US Corporate Tax Congress keeps on attempting to charge Corporate assessments on Carnival, yet has flopped as of late. This could change soon. Showcasing CI #6) Serving on 20 % of Americans It gets costly for clients to get to ports to journey, disheartening a few clients from cruising. Jubilee Corporation and plc is right now the biggest voyage organization on the planet and is among the most gainful and monetarily solid relaxation travel organizations on the planet. Festival Corporation and PLC’s arrangement of journey brands in North America, Europe, Australia and Asia are involved Carnival Cruise Lines, Holland America Line, Princess Cruises, Seabourn, AIDA Cruises, Costa Cruises, Cunard, Ibero Cruises, P&O Cruises (Australia) and P&O Cruises (UK).Collected, these brands work 100 boats totaling 203,000 lower compartments with nine new ships booked to be conveyed between March 2013 a nd March 2016. Festival Corporation and PLC is the main gathering on the planet to be remembered for both the S&P 500 and the FTSE 100 records. A. CURRENT PERFORMANCE Carnival revealed overall gain for the year 2012 diminished to $1. 3 billion contrasted with $1. 9 billion for the earlier year due principally to a blend of lower incomes and higher fuel prices.Revenues declined $410 million basically because of the Costa Concordia occurrence. Net income yields declined 2. 5 percent due basically to bring down voyage ticket costs and inhabitances for the Costa brand. Barring Costa, Carnival had the option to keep up year 2012 net income yields in accordance with the earlier year. Indeed, even with the numerous difficulties looked in 2012, Carnival produced $3 billion of money from tasks, all that could possibly be needed to finance our net capital speculations of $1. 8 billion.All of the ensuing free income was then come back to investors. Festivals ordinary quarterly profit of $0 . 25 for each offer, joined with an extraordinary year-end profit of $0. 50 for every offer, came about in $1. 2 billion of disseminations to their investors. Festival likewise bought 2. 6 million of the company’s shares in the open market at an expense of $90 million during 2012. B. Key POSTURE * Carnival stays devoted to beneficially developing our journey business and driving profits for capital higher. Jamboree will keep on expanding their armada through a deliberate pace of a few new boat presentations every year. A portion of these vessels are required to supplant existing limit from the potential deals of more established, less-effective boats * Currently, Carnival has nine voyage ships planned for conveyance through March 2016. * furthermore, Carnival is centered around the development of creating journey areas. During the past five years, Carnival has multiplied their visitor sourcing from exceptional markets, a pattern Carnival expects will proceed later on. CI #6) * Carnival and its Operating Lines place the highest significance on visitor wellbeing, security and security. Jubilees objective is to keep up an uncommon wellbeing, security and security record. Just as continually endeavor to better our wellbeing, wellbeing and security measures and techniques. (CI #3 and 4) 1. Crucial Corporation and plc mission is to take the world on an excursion and convey excellent encounters that intrigue to an enormous assortment of shoppers, all at an exceptional worth. † 2. ObjectivesTo our partners, this mean: Consumers | Take the world on an excursion and convey extraordinary encounters that intrigue to an enormous assortment of purchasers, all at an exceptional value| Employees | Recruiting and Retaining Qualified Employees. Fair considers their representative and association relations by and large to be good| Business Partners | Carnival will speak with our colleagues regularly to guarantee that we get great items and administrations and that o ur boats get the merchandise and enterprises that they have to work economically. Shareholders| The quality of their kin, qualities, culture and crucial driven prevalent returns for their investors. A dollar put resources into Carnival stock 25 years prior would be worth multiple times that today, speaking to an all out return twice that of the S&P 500 over a similar period. | Communities | Carnival endeavors every single year to have any kind of effect in their homeports and different locales around the globe in need.During the previous year Carnival Corporation and plc gave almost $10 million to magnanimous associations, including a $2 million gift to help Hurricane Sandy aid projects. | 3. Systems * Carnival currently has its boats in ports that are inside sensible driving extent for a decent segment of the nation. Galveston, San Diego, Mobile, New Orleans, Charleston, Baltimore and New York all have Carnival ships cruising from their ports, making it less expensive and simpl er for additional Americans to journey. CI #6) * Identify those supervisors answerable for actualizing wellbeing, ecological, security and security execution and guarantee that there are away from of responsibility. (CI #3 and 4) * Promptly report and appropriately explore all occurrence and make suitable move to forestall repeat (CI #3 and 4) * Establish and follow up on objectives and targets to constantly improve our exhibition * Continue to freely answer to and keep up open discourse and collaboration with key partners (CI #3 and 4) * Carnival works Under Section 883 of the Internal Revenue Code; certain non-U.S. partnerships, (for example, our North American voyage transport organizations) are not dependent upon U. S. government annual duty or branch benefits charge on U. S. source salary got from, or coincidental to, the universal activity of a boat or ships. (CI #5) * Since defueling on Costa Concordia started until 7 a. m. Feb. 17, an aggregate of 251,492 gallons of fuel hav e been siphoned out of 4 tanks situated on the boat. (CI #3) * According to Costa Cruise, an aggregate of 377,237 gallons of fuel is still installed in 13 tanks.Following the calendar drawn up by the Neri/Smit Salvage specialists, if ocean and climate conditions stay ideal, the entirety of the fuel still ready the vessel ought to be expelled inside three weeks. (CI #3) * Carnival has a few characterized commitment plans accessible to the greater part of their representatives. Jubilee additionally has single-manager characterized advantage benefits plans, which spread a portion of their shipboard and shore side representatives. (CI #1) 4. Strategies Protecting the wellbeing, wellbeing and security of Carnivals travelers, visitors, representatives and all others taking a shot at benefit of the Company * Protecting the earth, remembering the marine condition for which Carnivals vessels sail and the networks in which we work * Continue to observe Carnivals Corporate Standards which go i mpressively past the prerequisites of current natural law and guidelines. * Carnival is basically an outside enterprises occupied with the matter of working voyage ships in universal transportation. (CI #5) Key Executives:Mickey Arison: Chairman and CEO of Carnival Corporations David Bernstein: CFO and senior Vice President of Carnival Corporations Howard S. Plain: Vice Chairman and Chief working official Alan B. Buckelew: CEO and President of Princess travels Gerald R. Cahill: CEO and President of Carnival Cruise lines Larry Freedman: Chief Accounting Officer and Vice President-Controller Michael Thamm: CEO of Costa Crociere, S. p. A. Arnaldo Perez: Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary Stein Kruse: President and CEO of Holland America Line David Dingle: CEO of Carnival UKMichael Ungerer: President of AIDA Cruises Board Members: Mickey Arison: (Internal) President since 1979 and CEO since 1990 Howard Frank: (Internal) Vice Chairman of the directorate of Carnival Corp orations since 1993, and Chief Operating Officer since 2003. Wharf Foschi: (Internal) on the governing body for Carnival Corporation since 2003. Executive and CEO of costa crociene SpA. A bad habit director of confitama, the alliance of Italian boat proprietors. Robert Dickinson: (Internal) Director of Carnival Corporation since 1987 and of fair plc. since 2003.He filled in as president from 1993-2007 and CEO of Carnival journey lines from 2003-2007. Jonathon Band: (External) Director of Carnival Corporation and Carnival plc. Since 2010. Stuart Subotnick: (External) Director of Carnival Corporation since 1987 and of fair plc. Since 2003. Richard Glasier: (External) Director at jamboree enterprise and jubilee plc. since 2004. From 1995-2002 he was official VP and CFO of imperial Caribbean travels. Arnold Donald: (External) Director of jamboree partnership since 2001 and an executive of festival plc. ince 2003. Modesto Maidique Ph. D: (External) Director of Carnival Corporation since 1994 and of jamboree plc. since 2003. He additionally filled in as FIUs president from 1986-2009. John Parker: (External) Director of Carnival Corporation since 2003 and of Carnival plc. since 2000. He filled in as Deputy Chairman of Carnival plc. from 2002-2003 La

To Tax or Not to Tax Free Essays

To Tax or Not to Tax: The Problem of America Money, similar to a treat, is something everyone needs, and when it is gone an individual accuses every other person for its nonattendance; acknowledging later they were the one to devour it in any case. Duties, since the start of a sorted out economy, have been contended over for quite a long time. Toward the finish of 2012 subsequent to enduring the â€Å"end of the world,† citizens were confronted with another prophetically catastrophic circumstance, the Fiscal Cliff. We will compose a custom paper test on To Tax or Not to Tax or on the other hand any comparable point just for you Request Now It could raise expenses to over the top rates, and in spite of the excusal of the Cliff, the issue had quite recently been pushed onto the heating surface of the economy and will be readdressed in the not so distant future. On one hand, by keeping low charges the state can't make an adequate measure of cash to take care of its obligation. Rather, numerous individuals contend that by raising assessments the expanded costs of things will really hurt the nation’s monetary recuperation (Russell). Charges ought to be expanded on the grounds that confronting the national obligation is unavoidable and the nation is will be not able to recoup from the mounting obligation until it’s residents help bring it once more from its monetary grave. Assessments are straightforwardly associated with the economy of a country, and because of this numerous individuals contend that the administration needs to cut spending on government programs that are making the obligation increment. However, it was uncovered that programmed spending cuts were a piece of the Fiscal Cliff, and would have spared $109 billion in government spending on guard and non-resistance programs the same. â€Å"President To Make Argument For Fiscal Cliff Plans†). Unexpectedly, individuals contended that the administration needs to cut, yet as it was uncovered that is actually what the bluff was intending to do. The Fiscal Cliff could have reduced superfluous expenses making the obligation diminish, and thus ly decreased swollen shortages (Dixon). This decrease can diminish the obligation yet even with the evacuation of these projects the huge obligation the country has would be not able to be rapidly and productively dealt with at current expense rates. This demonstrates reducing expenses can not exclusively help the financial circumstance. In spite of this, the subsequent chain response brought about by cutting certain financial plans benefits the United States generally speaking since it sorts out the spending of the country and can forestall superfluous expenses. By going over the Cliff, one chance is that the country could fall into a downturn. However, the administration talked about the chance of raising expenses on the rich to compensate for charges that could be put on the white collar class. Financial analysts, who have investigated the potential impacts of going over this â€Å"cliff,† contend this would bring about keeping the economy from totally going over (Cohen). In spite of the fact that, charges should be raised on everyone at any rate because of recently ordered social insurance programs. This duty raise is reasonable in light of the fact that these new projects are intended to support residents however it is far-fetched for things to come without a cost, â€Å"though the individuals bolster the legislature; the administration ought not bolster the people,† (Cleveland). This intend to raise burdens by 39% is really a favorable position for citizens since it will be caused lasting implying that after families to acclimate to the new pay sum they will get, after expenses have been expelled from the general sum, they won't need to stress over being confronted with another scramble to broaden charge strategies later on (Ohlemacher). The conviction this can furnish families with an ordinary expense plan they can acclimate to without significant changes later on. The financial world can be both a mollusk ocean and a preparing storm, in spite of the fact that with a predictable expense plan citizens will have the option to easily cruise this solid sea. Frequently, before acting, one seeks the instances of others for direction; for the missteps of others won't be theirs. England has remained the principle country America sees while talking about governmental issues and this was demonstrated the same while examining financial matters. Conceders have contended that raising expenses would not fix anything, as demonstrated by the British model. In 2010 Cameron got to work, chopping out the government’s financial plan, a potential arrangement in the Fiscal Cliff, yet the GDP is beneath the level it had been at when Cameron had begun (Brown). This examination demonstrates incorrect on the grounds that administrations are individualistic and numerous variables, for example, the officials picked in the legislature and the varying economies or markets in every nation, could influence the consequence of specific choices. Britain’s disease is explicitly because of an absence of interest not of gracefully, Adam Posen, an expert in British financial matters, contended, and the U. S. can't be appropriately contrasted with the parliamentary administration of Britain (Brown). In the event that the administration was to raise charges it isn't ensured that it would result adversely on the economy all in all. As a matter of fact, by raising expenses the country is being allowed to change the assessment code and expand the base later on (Cohen). An excursion to the planning phase of financial matters joined with a straightaway expense plan could alter the economy of America as opposed to bringing about calamity the same number of individuals against the raise in charges have contended. To burden or not to burden; that is the issue. In spite of contentions for a diminishing in charges obviously if the administration overlooks the interest for cash to assuage the expanding obligation then the economy will fall into a cruel gloom that will get more enthusiastically to fix. Residents put their security in the hands of the administration, they put their children’s wellbeing in the hands of the administration, they put their training in the hands of the legislature, and they put their cash in the hands of the administration. Why at that point can they not put their trust? Duties ought to be raises with the goal that the shortfall doesn't increment to a bigger rate. The time has come to begin topping off the vacant bank of American. Works Cited Brown, Abram. â€Å"The Argument Against Fiscal Cliff Austerity: Just Look At Britain’s Mess. â€Å"Forbes. Forbes Magazine, 24 Dec. 2012. Web. 24 Jan. 2013. Cleveland, Grover. Statement †Though the People Support the Government; the Government Should Not Support the People†¦ on Quotations Book. N. p. , n. d. Web. 16 Feb. 2013. Cohen, Tom. â€Å"Fiscal Cliff: What Isn’t Said Tells More than Actual Words. †Ã‚ CNN. Link News Network, 07 Dec. 2012. Web. 24 Jan. 2013. Dixon, Kim. â€Å"Analysis: â€Å"Fiscal Cliff’ Deal Called a Dud on Deficit Front. †Ã‚ Chicago Tribune. Chicago Tribune, 01 Jan. 2013. Web. 24 Jan. 2013. Dubay, Curtis S. â€Å"Send This Report to a Friend.  The Heritage Foundation. The Heritage Foundation, 9 Jan. 2013. Web. 24 Jan. 2013. Ohlemacher, Stephen. â€Å"Fiscal Cliff Deal Will Raise Taxes On 77 Percent Of Americans: Tax Policy Center Analysis. †Ã‚ The Huffington Post. TheHuffingtonPost. com, 02Jan. 2013. Web. 24 Jan. 2013. â€Å"President To Make Argument For Fiscal Cliff Plans. †Ã‚ Breaking News for Black Amer ica. News One, 27 Nov. 2012. Web. 24 Jan. 2013. Russell, Don. â€Å"A Clear Concise Look at the ‘Fiscal Cliff’ Controversy. †Ã‚ Examiner. com. Analyst, 4 Dec. 2012. Web. 24 Jan. 2013. The most effective method to refer To Tax or Not to Tax, Papers

Topics For Explaining a Concept Essay

Topics For Explaining a Concept EssayTopic papers for explaining a concept can be very important, not only for college but also for writing theses and dissertations that will stand out in the long run. Topics for explaining a concept essay also serve as an outline for the entire document, if it's a written report. The topics have to be appropriate for each level of writing and this is why you must select the correct topic for each topic for explaining a concept.Writing a topic for explaining a concept begins with defining the terms that are used in the writing, as well as their application, especially in the discussion questions. In the analysis section of the essay, the writer has to define the terms and concepts that are relevant for each topic. It is also important that the writer use a thorough outline of the topic so that he can write the essay as a whole. It is even essential that the essay should be keyword-dense to make it more appealing to college readers.The author of the n ew topic has to take note of the keywords that are commonly used in his target audience. Using the correct keywords enables the writer to achieve the desired effect. When using the same keywords in your topic paper, the essay might lose its essence and turn out to be too vague. This is not good since it will make the reader unable to read the whole essay. The essay is then also an example of poor writing.Before writing the new essay, it is important to study the author of the previous topic. Of course, you do not want to write the essay all over again. To avoid this, spend some time studying the writing style of the previous writer. He or she should already have good sentence structures and good topic selection.You can always consult with the current author of the topic if there is anything that you want to include in your new topic. The current author can offer some advice or good points that you can use to improve your essay. For example, if he or she provides a sample of writing for the topic, you can use that example as a base for your topic. You can learn from what the author has done and improve your topic accordingly.The author of the new essay has to apply different approaches to the essay as the format is very important for it to appear compelling. Each topic for explaining a concept essay must have an argument in order to convince the reader. Since there is no argument in every topic, there should be a way to explain it, preferably by giving examples.Writing essays is an art and one has to use different methods to become proficient in this. In order to create an effective essay, you need to spend time practicing the techniques and skills. Practice makes perfect and writing an essay is very time consuming. For this reason, you have to spend the time practicing and writing the essay thoroughly to get the desired results.Make sure that the topic is not too simple and can have multiple levels of explanation. Essays must be easy to understand and suitable for college or university readers. A good essay should demonstrate the author's ability to communicate and provide answers to the reader's questions. You have to use good essay topics for explaining a concept, if you want your essay to have more impact.

The Media, Good And Evil - 1404 Words

Man has always looked up to others who are smarter, wealthier, or more important than he is for a guide on how to live. In modern times these roles are often thrown into the laps of celebrities. Since the understanding of celebrities come from the productions they endorse, man s trust is now in the hands of fictional characters. Because he is so impressionable, an ignorant man can easily become an imitation of the people he watches everyday. There are many messages conveyed in the media, good and evil. Sometimes, one can gain insights from the things he allows to enter his mind, but this is a rare phenomena because of how secularized the modern media is. When every show aimed at young, impressionable girls features models, it can easily be assumed that these girls will then want to mimic that same look. This situation does not cause immediate harm to the girl, but overtime will teach her that having the looks of those models and nothing but that will bring her beauty. This is also true for the push of sex into almost every tv show or movie. It is extremely rare to find a top-ranked movie without sex appeal. Sex is then portrayed as a trivial act of maturity. The Mindy Project on the CW reveals the life of a young, Indian OB/GYN in New York City. The main character, Mindy Lahiri, is constantly battling problems in her relationships. The Mindy Project can benefit viewers through her message of self-acceptance, but can also damage them by showing the idea of casual sex asShow MoreRelatedStereotypical Perception Of Gender Media1468 Words   |  6 PagesHas the stereotypical perception of gender in media changed? In fact media takes advantage of the idyllic image of males and females to misguide society’s perspective of what they should be. How about we explore the idea of misconception between the sexes in Julia T. Wood article, Gendered Media: The Influence of Media on Views of Gender. 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Starbucks strategy - 7015 Words

Introduction The first Starbucks store was set up in 1971 by three individuals who had a common liking for coffee and exotic teas- Jerry Baldwin, History teacher Zev Seigel and writer Gordon Bowker. The store was named Starbucks Coffee, Tea and Spice in the tourist’s Pikes Place Market in Seattle. However, later the name was changed to Starbucks Coffee Company. The logo was designed to be a two tailed mermaid encircled by the store’s name. The name was inspired from the coffee loving character in Herman Melville’s Moby Dick The store was a success with excellent sales records and thus several Starbucks stores mushroomed in several parts of the US. Howard Schultz later joined the company as a marketing executive and then†¦show more content†¦The balance between ‘localization’ that Starbucks tested in China to suit the life style of the locals and the aspirational brand that one associates with it is something that can be studied and adapted to fit the Indian context. This customization to reflect the local culture of the neighborhood is a very appealing idea but needs to be analyzed as far as its long term sustainability is concerned. We have also tried to understand what kind of competition do other coffee store outlets like Cafà © Coffee Day and Barista that have been here longer pose to Starbucks. The hiked prices is something Starbucks can pull off because of the ambience it offers to its customers but whether it will be enough to keep them interested for long is questionable. Methodology The methodology that can be adopted is that of decision trees with listing the various alternatives, their payoffs and then making a decision on the basis of the choice with the best payoff. Drivers of Growth and rationale behind Expansionist Strategy 1. Retail Expansion The ambitious growth strategy was adopted by Starbucks in 2002 which was a time when the coffee drinking culture in the US was gaining popularity. The people drinking specialty coffee was identified to be a profitable segment to focus attention on. It was also identified that majority of people drank coffee not at home but outside, in offices, restaurants and coffee shops. ThereShow MoreRelatedStarbucks Strategy1531 Words   |  7 Pages Running head: STARBUCKS’ STRATEGY1 Dr. Shavers Assignment 1: Starbucks’s Strategy Modern Management Strayer University October 21, 2014 Submitted by: RUNNING HEAD: STARBUCKS’ STRATEGY2 Starbuck’s Coffee is a multi-billion dollar company. It was founded in 1971 in Seattle, Washington. It was a single store located in the Park Place Market area of Seattle. The idea started with three friends, Jerry Baldwin, Zev Siegel, and Gordon Bowker. 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With more than 16,800 locations across the globe as of 2009, Starbucks is still the dominantRead MoreStarbucks s Marketing Strategy For Starbucks860 Words   |  4 Pagesby telling the background of Starbucks as it is today. 30 years ago, Starbucks was a single store in Seattle s Pike Place Market selling premium roasted coffee. They decided to change their traditional customer experience in the 1980s. When the company s director of marketing, Howard Schultz, came back from Italy, he felt enchanted with the coffee house experience of Italy. Mr. Schultz wanted to duplicate this experience in his own coffee stores.   The new strategy consisted of selling their alreadyRead MoreStrategy Clock: Starbucks803 Words   |  4 PagesIn 1970s, the first Starbucks coffee shop opened. After 30s years developed, Starbucks Coffee Company become the leading retailer, roaster and brand of specialty coffee and owned more than 5000 coffee shops all over the world. Why Starbucks can work so successfully? 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Packets of Starbucks coffeeRead MoreStarbucks - Corporate Strategy4629 Words   |  19 PagesCorporate Strategy Table of Contents Question 1 3 1.1 Introduction 3 1.2 Howard Schultz s performance in the five tasks of strategic management 3 1.2.1 Developing a strategic vision 3 1.2.2 Setting the objectives as standards for measuring the company s performance and evolution 5 1.2.3 Crafting a strategy to achieve the desired outcomes 6 1.2.4 Implementing and executing the chosen strategy efficiently and effectively 6 1.2.5 Monitoring developments and initiating corrective adjustments

Browne, M. N., Keeley, S.M. (2010). Asking the right...

Browne, M. N., Keeley, S.M. (2010). Asking the right questions: A guide to critical thinking (10th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson/Prentice Hall. Asking the Right Questions-11 Step Analysis Introduction â€Å"I know it’s good to be a critical thinker and to be able to ask lots of good questions, but I don’t know what questions to ask or how to ask them.† (Browne Keeley, 2011) In our text â€Å"Asking the Right Questions: A Guide to Critical Thinking (10th Ed.) The authors explore the benefits and necessity for critical thinking as it relates to the process of asking the right questions to make an informed decision and conclusion to an argument. The authors Browne and Keeley (2011) give two different approaches that can be taken in†¦show more content†¦Lastly, Mary states that the proposal will not save any money. III. Which words or phrases are ambiguous? We often misunderstand what we read or hear because we presume that the meanings of the words are obvious (Browne Keeley, 2011). When reading or listening to someone’s arguments and reasons you must force yourself to search for ambiguity. Within any argument that is read or heard there will always be obstacles. One obstacle is that many people assume that what they understand or think is the same as the author. The second obstacle is that people assume that words only have one single meaning (Browne Keeley, 2011). In overcoming these obstacles, you must ask yourself â€Å"what do you mean by that† or â€Å"could any of these words or phrases have a different meaning† (Browne Keeley, 2011). I find the entire conclusion to be somewhat ambiguous. Within the conclusion I have identified the word â€Å"challenge† as a key word that makes the statement ambiguous. In one instance to â€Å"challenge the proposal could mean to fight, confront or defy boldly, bu t in another context it could mean to formally question the legality or validity of the proposal. So what exactly does Mary mean by â€Å"challenge?† Another ambiguous phrase that I have identified is â€Å"lower wages.† Without specific information and evidence of wages for all members this can mean a multitude of things. Lower wages could be as lowShow MoreRelatedMatthew Paul Individual Paper 12225 Words   |  9 PagesIndividual Paper 1 – Critical Thinking and Communication Skills By Matthew Paul DMBA 610 Professor Kennedy Introduction In this paper, I will analyze the memo by applying the steps of the critical thinking model discussed in Asking the Right Questions to assess the arguments made. Among the other tasks I had to make, I will not just analyze the memo but I will evaluate the author’s argument as objectively as possible. I will also provide a thorough evaluation of theRead More DMBA 610 W2 Critical Thinking Assignment2033 Words   |  9 Pagesopinion, after reading Browne and Keeley’s Asking the Right Questions (2012), that adopting a critical thinking approach is the most effective way to evaluate the document. Using a critical thinking approach to evaluate this business document will help a reader to know when to accept and when to reject information they are presented. The reader knows that information that passes the critical thinking questions they ask is worth accepting. Implementing strong-sense critical thinking and using the same

Project Management of Samba Parade

Question: Discuss about the Project Management of Samba Parade. Answer: Introduction Project management is the process involving application of skills, knowledge and expertise to achieve objectives of a given project (Young, 2013). Usually any project has particular objectives that it aims at achieving when implemented these are what are used in evaluating the success or failure of any particular project. Just like any other project all deliberations were followed in the Rio carnaval. The most important objective by the participating teams was taking home Brazilians most coveted title. That was the basis of all the preparations undertaken by the participants. Positives of the project: Time One of the most important considerations in any project is the completion within the time frame. Projects are meant to achieve certain objectives within a given time frame (Heldman, 2011). . The first positive with this project is therefore the fact that all the teams were able to make all the preparations within time. Despite the fact that it was strenuous activity for those who were tasked with preparation, they made everything possible including working fifteen hours in a day like Syd, the designer for Vila Samba School. Costumes for all the teams were made just in time for the main event. This also applies to those who were tasked with ensuring adequate lighting and sound systems were put in place and tested in time so that the final project would be a success. Proper cabling and placement of cameras was also done in time to ensure that the most aired show worldwide was aired live by over 1500 media broadcasts. This also applies to the renewing of the Samba parade street by experts. It was also timely done. Budget Budget refers to the funds set aside for a given project. This is an approximation of how money allocated for a given project intends to be used. The budget allocated for a given project must be adequate so that the project of implementation is not derailed. (Stouffer, 2012). This is another positive of the project. All factors were put into considerations. A project requires sufficient budget so that all its implementation is carried out in the given time. There were a number of activities that were involved in the project. These included preparation by individual teams for the competition and preparation of the venue for the competition. As far as individual teams are concerned, the costumes to match their theme had to be prepared. This required adequate resources to pay the labor force and purchase materials. Also preparation of the venue of the competition required adequate funds to be used, from contracting sound engineers, to paying of the people involved in the putting in place lights and cameras. This was effectively achieved so the budget and the budgeting process were appropriate. Negatives of the project Complexity of the project Different projects possess different attributes .Some might be complex in nature while others might be simple and easy to implement. All projects require different degree of effort .Some may be implemented in a in a few days others in a few months while others may take several months. (Berkun, 2008).This project was quite demanding for its planners. They have to work day and night for almost a year to have the project ready in time. Several attributed needed to be considered in the project for the ultimate objectives to be achieved. It had to make people happy, foster unity and togetherness among Brazilians, exemplify different group themes among other expectations. The complexity brings about the need for Moses to bring on board his son and wife so that all factors can be taken care of. Pressure on planners and participants There was so much pressure on the participants .The success of the project depended on how much effort they put in place. With that in mind Participants had to keep practicing for a whole year to make it a success by making sure that they have the best dance so that their audience does not get disappointed.The designers like Syd have to design the most appropriate costumes to ensure that their schools emerge victorious. This was quite an enormous task. Without taking this to account, their performance in the competition is likely to be affected. References: Young, T. L. (2013). Successful project management.Heldman, K. (2011). Project management jumpstart. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.Harvard Business Review Press. (2013). HBR's guide to project management. Boston : Harvard Business Review PressBerkun, S. (2008). Making things happen: Mastering project management. Sebastopol, Calif: O'Reilly Media.Stouffer, T. (2012). The only budgeting book you'll ever need. Avon, Mass: Adams Media.

Whooping Chough Essays - Pertussis, Burkholderiales, RTT

Whooping Chough Whooping cough which is also known as Pertussis is caused by infection by the Bordetella Pertussis bacteria. It is a highly contagious bacterial disease that affects the respiratory system and produces spasms of coughing that usually end in a high-pitched whooping sound. In this report I will describe how Pertussis is spread, contracted, what treatments are available for it and the prognosis for the patient. I will also tell you about the many symptoms of the disease. Etiology: Pertussis is caused by Bordetella Pertussis the bacteria invades the nose and throat and then the trachea followed by the bronchial tubes of the lungs. People usually contract the bacteria through the air when an infected person coughs or sneezes. Then people inhale or come in contact with the infected saliva. People who have been immunized in the past may still develop infection but it is usually atypical or very mild that is another cause of whooping cough. The incubation period is usually about 7 days. Morphology & Diagnosis: Pertussis is a round shaped gram positive bacteria. Some of the symptoms of Pertussis include runny nose, coughing that may be dry or may produce sputum. Along with a fever usually 102F or lower. Severe coughing attacks that ends in a high-pitched crowing sound when inhaling or it will end in a high-pitched "whoop". The coughing spells may end in a momentary loss of consciousness and or vomiting. It also results in difficulty at breathing. It also can cause some people to have diarrhea. When some small infants have long spells of coughing they usually begin to cry which causes them to choke on there own tears. Pertussis can be treated by DtaP which is a vaccine that protects children against the disease. During epidemics, health care providers or others at risk may be advised to receive a booster dose of the vaccine. The immunization is not 100 percent effective and has slowly becomes less effective over the past few years. Some tests that can be performed to tell if a person has contracted are to take a culture of the secretions from the nose and mouth and throat. A complete blood count or CBC which measures the number of red blood cells and white blood cells in the blood. If there is an with an elevated number of white blood cell count characterized by large numbers of lymphocytes. There are also serologic tests for Pertussis. Treatment: The Treatments include Erythromycin which is an antibiotic that is administered and may shorten the duration of the symptoms. Infants under 18 months of age require constant supervision because breathing may temporarily stop during spells of sever coughing. Infants with severe cases should be hospitalized. An oxygen tent with high humidity may be used. Intravenous fluid may be given if coughing spells are severe enough to prevent enough fluid intake by mouth. Sedatives may also be prescribed for young children. Cough suppressants are usually not helpful and should not be used. Prognosis: The prognosis for a person who leaves Pertussis untreated in infants has a poor outcome. The disease has a one percent to 2 percent death rate. Death may occur from lack of oxygen to the brain and bronchopneumonia. Some other complications that may occur are slowed or stopped breathing, nose bleeds, pneumonia, convulsions which are caused by a lack of oxygen and can cause permanent brain damage. Some of the more serious effects are anoxic encephalopathy, cerebral hemorrhage, seizures and developmental retardation. Miscellaneous: In Ethiopia rural doctors give a vaccination for Pertussis to people in street markets in an effort to increase the immunity rate of their country. Pertussis has becomes an epidemic about every 2-4 years. It usually affects non-immunized children with a history of contact to the bacteria the most. Personal Reflection: Matts reflection: When I think of Whooping cough I don't think of it as a major epidemic. The reason why I believe this is because there is not much information on the subject and I had a very difficult time finding pictures of the bacteria and its effects. I suppose that if 10 out of every 100,000 people are infected with it then it must not be a very large problem. The disease doesn't to seem to have very sever side effects if it is left untreated. I am almost certain that in a few more years Whooping cough will disappear. Roberts reflection: My opinion is a little different than Matts but in some ways I feel the same. First off I do agree that in this

buy custom Munchausen by Proxy Syndrome essay

buy custom Munchausen by Proxy Syndrome essay Munchausen syndrome by proxy, abbreviated as MSbP, is a term devised by a Professor of Pediatrics Roy Meadow in 1977, who named the syndrome after a German horse soldier Baron von Munchausen (1720-1797) that was famous for his widely stagy and feigned stories. Munchausen syndrome by proxy (MSbP), also known in the United Kingdom as Fabricated or Induced Illness by Carers (FII), is a form of fictitious disorder of mental sickness in which a person behaves in a manner that suggests a need of another individual of being taken care of when there is no such a necessity in fact, and is explained by a mental or physical health condition of the first one (Parnell Day, 1998). The adult with MSbP unswervingly fabricates and imposes the illnesses on another person under his/her care, mostly a minor one under the age of the 6 years. This act is considered as a method of abuse by the American Professional Society on the Abuse of Children. Parents with MSbP usually have an inward desire for their children to be seen as sick or hurt. MSbP persons do this not in order to achieve any tangible benefit, as a financial gain, for example. They are willing to subject the patient or child to agonizing and risky examinations, or operations so that people could sympathize with them and treat with a special attention, which is usually given to the family, whose members are really sick (Parnell Day, 1998). Factitious ailments are classified into four major categories: (1) those with mostly psychological signs, (2) those with physical signs, (3) those with both the psychological and the physical signs, and (4) those that do not fit the situations of the above three types (Matthews, 2004). The forth category includes MSbP, which is, fortunately, very rare, as it happens with 2 out of 100,000 children. Keywords: Munchausen syndrome by proxy, fabricated or induced illness by carers, fictitious disorder, mental sickness, mental health condition, physical health condition Munchausen by Proxy Syndrome Literature Review MSbP is usually very difficult to diagnose, which makes it a reason why many children die before doctors comprehend what the child has been undergoing. Similarly, a treatment and a complete understanding of the causes of Munchausen Syndrome are limited. For this reasons, it is imperative to raise the awareness of MSbP among people, and to ensure that children will no more become victims of a fabricated illness and, consequently, death caused by their own parents or caregivers (Gregory, 2003). This syndrome is considered as a criminal offense of one of the forms of a child abuse, requiring the prompt actions of the child protection services. This syndrome can result in the severe short- or long-term consequences, including the persistent abuses of the child, multiple hospitalizations, and what is worse the fetal outcomes of the victims (Eminson Postlethwaite, 2000: Shannon, 2009). In some cases, a victim of a physical, psychological and emotional abuse may learn to associate the receiving of attention with a state of being sick, thus develops Munchausen syndrome himself or herself (Matthews, 2004). The purpose of this paper is to study and analyse the behavior and motivation of perpetrators suffering from MSbP/ FIIC, namely: why and how the disorder manifests through the symptoms; which characteristics has parents with the disorder; the legal issues associated with the disorder under the assistance of the criminal psychologists; the treatment and interventions that it requires (Allison Roberts, 1998). Who Perpetrates the MSbP/ FIIC? MSbP perpetrated by mothers. A bigger percentage of MSbP or FIIC is observed among mothers mostly, though, it may be experienced by fathers in isolated cases as well. The mothers purposely hurt their own children, or describe symptoms of the imaginary disease, so that they could get the attention which is majorly given to family members of a sick person. Someone who has MSbP mostly use the numerous hospitalizations instances as a method of gaining praises from the other people for their dedication to the care of the child. Finally, they tend to exploit the ill child in order to develop an affiliation with the doctors or other health care providers. The person suffering from MSbP ordinarily does not depart from the bedside of the patient, and deliberately feign the signs of a deep concern to prove that he or she is a good caregiver. Sometimes the signs may vanish while in hospital but may reappear when the caregiver is no longer alone with the patient (Roesler Jenny, 2009). Fabricated or induced illness by caregivers. Another case of MSbP is propagated by the caregivers, who fabricate or intrude the illness in children being under their guardianship. The major task for psychologists is to determine whether the caregivers who falsify the illness in children experience a disorder of a personality (Lasher and Sheridan 2004), and are able to validate the protective concerns about the child (Fish, Bromfield Higgins, 2005). The rate of fictional or induced sickness by carers usually varies from one country to another. For example, in the United States, an estimated number of two forms of MSbP involving a suffocation and non-accidental poisoning reported in 1996 is six hundred instances (Ayoub et al., 2002). Approximately eighteen cases are reported every year in New Zealand, about fifty instances registered in the UK, and twenty four more different countries monitor the accidences of the same syndrome (Pritchard 2004). How MSbP/ FIIC is Performed Individuals with MSbP are likely to fabricate or exaggerate the disease signs of the child in various ways. For example, they usually overstate or lie about symptoms, discrediting the reliability of the diagnostic tests by contaminating the urine or feces samples of the child in order to forge the medical records (Feurtado, 2004). Occasionally, the caregivers with MSbP may impose the symptoms of particular diseases through poisoning, starving, suffocating, or contaminating of the baby. In this case, the observed complications may signal about the behavioral or psychiatric disorders (Feurtado, 2004). It has also been discovered that the behaviour of the perpetrators sometimes involves a physical, psychological, and emotional harming of the child with the further transportation of the child to the hospital with an unexplained medical condition (Feurtado, 2004). The hospitals mostly fall victim to the fabrication whereby they pursue the unnecessary medical procedures. Pediatric study has also established that a number of the children admitted into hospital pediatric sections and emergency wards usually suffer from unexplained diseases that are consequently determined to have been instigated by their parents or caregivers through a physical, emotional, or psychological violence (Stirling, 2007: Roesler Jenny, 2009). Reasons for Engaging on MSbP or FIIC There are several theories researched to explain the causes of Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy and why caregivers or mothers are engaged in it. According to Fish, Bromfield and Higgins (2005), mothers may feel that the presence of a sick child can be a factor to reunite them or bring them closer to their spouses. This reason indicates that mothers suffering from MSbP may have experienced an emotional deprivation and physical abuse from their spouses in the past (Allison Roberts, 1998). Such women in most cases feel depressedand insecure, thus direct their personal inadequacies through the offensive behavior towards the minors, which subsequently leads to a self-satisfaction and gratification of themselves. Some may also feel that invoking the illnesses in the child is a way of punishing their spouses who eventually pay the hospital bills whenever the child is hospitalized. The hospital environment also gives the mother or caregiver an opportunity to free themselves from parental responsibility at least for a while, when the medical personnel attend on the child, and gives the individuals with this disorder a chance to move around the hospital and share the experience with other parents. In this case, their sick children help them to create a connection with other mothers in the hospital, thus making them feel satisfied and full of a sense of belongingness. This reason is common for mothers who feel that they are overwhelmed by the demanding needs of their child. The caregivers, in their turn, feel that the parents of the child have neglected their parental duty, and overburden them with the responsibility. Such impression make the caregivers fabricate the illnesses of the child to get free time to relax. Schreier and Libow (1993) assert that long-awaited but absent fathers are also a major reason that lead to the manifestation of the disorder among wom en according to the clinical data in hospitals. The FIIC disorder may also develop when the mother notes that there is an increasing detachment among the father, the child, and the whole family, prompting the mother to resort to hurting her child to capture the attention of the father in order to reestablish cohesiveness in the family (Fish, Bromfield Higgins, 2005). In addition, an absent spouse also gives the mother an ample opportunity to inflict a harm on the child that she, however, would not do in the presence of her spouse (Matthews, 2004). Symptoms of MSbP MSbP is relatively one of the most challenging psychiatric disorders to be diagnosed. This makes approximately 9% of victims of FIIC abuse perish (Feldman, 1998). According to Feurtado (2004), the symptoms of a parent or caregiver that may be suffering from MSbP include, but do not exhaust the next signs such as (1) an inconsistency between the complaints and the results of the medical tests, (2) the symptoms presented by the child that do not respond to treatment as they are supposed to, (3) illnesses that only become severe in the presence of the caregiver or parent who is the perpetrator of the abuse, (4) disease symptoms that vanish when the perpetrators is absent, and resumes when the caretaker or parent is informed that the child is recuperating, or (5) when similar symptoms are also exhibited by the siblings or other family members of the victim (Lasher, 2004: Feldman, 1998). It is worth noting that it is impossible for doctors to diagnose Munchausen syndrome by proxy during t he first observation of the patient. Therefore it is vital that the medical personnel to consider the behavioral patterns related to the syndrome, and be very attentive to the actions and reactions of the individuals for some period of time. For example, having the same child suffering from various illnesses within a short duration together with a slow response to treatment is ordinarily an indicator of a possibility of the disorder (Artingstall, 1999). Victims of MSbP also commonly exhibit the accurate symptoms of illness together with the exaggerated ones. This usually complicates the diagnosis of MSbP owing to the fact that physicians have to distinguish the real illnesses from the fabricated. Another symptom of a possibility of the factitious disorder by proxy is a strong reaction of a caregiver or parent showing a righteous indignation trait when questioned by the physician about the fabricated medical history of their child. Such parents usually become defensive and may threaten to file a lawsuit against a malpractice, or in some occasions may instigate the child to become acutely ill to prove their point (Schreier Libow, 1993). Characteristics of Parents Engaged in MSbP According to Pritchard (2004), the fictitious or induced illness is commonly provoked by women, particularly mothers that form 95 per cent of the MSbP cases. However, there have been a few cases reported to be committed by fathers, adoptive parents, or other involving care givers (Artingstall, 1999). A big disparity proves the disproportionate number of women caring about children in comparison to men (Pritchard, 2004). The common characteristics exhibited by parents or caregivers who falsify or impose an illness on children sometimes are also similar to the characteristics naturally exhibited by many parents who are not suffering from the MSbP (Lasher Sheridan, 2004). Among other distinguished characteristics, perpetrators are ordinarily the principal caregiver of a child with an intention to manipulate the people around them, especially doctors, that are supposed to be more competent in this sphere, thus giving the offender a delightful feeling of controlling theme (Fish, Bromfield Higgins, 2005). In such a scenario, the absence of the caregiver results in a disappearance of the symptoms or illnesses. Parents with the MSbP may also have normal mental health evaluations, showing no previous engagement in the services of child protection, they may seem to be phobic, overprotective, or deluded, with an experience and deep knowledge of the health condition, and may seek publicity or consideration fr om a range of people (Fish, Bromfield Higgins, 2005). In most cases, the caregivers and parents with this syndrome do not stop the abusive behavior once being suspected but instead change the health establishment and deny the accusations even when there are overwhelming evidences against them. Moreover, they tend to accuse their prosecutors and shift the blames against the others (Lasher Sheridan, 2004). Most of these characteristics are similar to those that a regular parent would demonstrate, thus complicating the process of diagnosis MSbP (Shannon, 2009). Legal Issues and Court Trials with the Help of Criminal Psychology There are several legal pieces of a background information that children safety practitioners need to consider while dealing with a possible case of MSbP. The cases of care and protection measures in which a child is purported to be at risk of harm from their caregivers or parents can be presented before the court using the grounds of intervention through the legislation established in each state. The grounds used must match the individual evidences in a particular case, and the suggested danger those facts present to the victim who is the subject of the application (Fish, Bromfield Higgins, 2005). It is also imperative to differentiate the criminal trials from the child protection cases. The focus of a criminal trial is on a hearing of charges against the accused individual alleged to have committed a crime in order to prove the accusations that the person had perpetrated particular acts with a felonious intent. Child protection hearings, on the other hand, focus on determining whether the child is a victim of MSbP, and does require a protection from the perpetrator or not (Fish, Bromfield Higgins, 2005). In such cases, the purpose of the child protection services is to evidence that a parent or caregiver has done or failed to do certain acts that have consequently made the child suffer from any kind of harm. Standards of Proof The rules of evidence presentted in the child protection cases are less strict as compared to those applied in criminal trials. The reason for this is the diverse legal aims and different standards of proof needed for a particular case (Fish, Bromfield Higgins, 2005). To substantiate a criminal case, the prosecution must avail itself of the evidence that indicts the accused according to a standard referred as beyond reasonable doubt. On the contrary, the standard of proofs used in child protection cases, is based on the balance of probabilities (Fish, Bromfield Higgins, 2005). For example, in Australia, the courts trying a case on a child abuse by the employing of the lower standard of proofs may consider appropriate findings from the criminal proceedings if such are available in the court hearing. However, statements related to law on a criminal trial where MSbP is mentioned as an issue, may not be applicable child protection case (Fish, Bromfield Higgins, 2005). The criminal psychologists involved in this case must present a psychiatric report to determine if the perpetrator is truly suffering from the syndrome to validate the proof. Evidence The evidence needed to authenticate the necessity for protection according to Fish, Bromfield and Higgins (2005) are usually categorized into three wide groups: (1) direct proofs that involve what has been observed, heard and acquired, or treatment that has been felt through the intellectual analysis by the witness, (2) factual or bodily evidence that may comprise documents, videos, photographs, x rays, diaries, reports, and other relevant objects, and finally, (3) opinion evidence, which may involve a professional conclusion proceeding on the pertinent qualifications. Such individuals are the criminal psychologists and psychiatrists authorized to assess the level of disorder, and to conclude whether the child needs a protection from the authorities. Grounds for Intervention Legislation that lay grounds of the child care and protection trials in courts usually differs from state to state and from country to country. In Australian courts there are major similarities on the jurisdictions (Fish, Bromfield Higgins, 2005). The legal child protection authorities are plenipotentiary to respond in the case, when the acts of a caregiver or parent jeopardize the well-being of the child or cause the child either emotional, social, psychological or physical harm (Shannon, 2009). The harm may comprise such acts of physical abuse as an assault, psychological abuse, sexual abuse, or neglect (Bromfield and Higgins 2005). Such cases when caregivers expose children to fabricated or induced illness are usually brought to the courts and substantiated on a direct evidence stipulating the acts which support such charges, including the opinions of an appropriately qualified expert such as the criminal psychologist that are able to provide an interpretation of the stated acts and subsequent risks the child is subjected to (Fish, Bromfield Higgins, 2005). Defense Mechanisms in Court The perpetrators of the MSbP usually defend themselves in court in several ways. One defense mechanism entails emphasizing on the accurate symptoms of illnesses that the victims of Munchausen syndrome by proxy exhibit. Considering the amount of the exaggeration of symptoms of illness, doctors in most instances confirm the presence of the disorder. This makes the perpetrators justify their claim of medical need to their children. Moreover, this may weaken the case against them, since such mother suffering from the disorder usually present herself to the court as a very protective and more caring person. This usually complicates the diagnosis of MSbP owing to the fact that it is relatively difficult for the physicians to distinguish the real illnesses from the fabricated one (Gregory, 2003). Some of the culprits also do not have any previous records made of an engagement with the child protection service (Fish, Bromfield Higgins, 2005).This gives them a defensive point in the courts to deny all the accusations claiming that the prosecution is malicious. Occasionally, some of the perpetrators presented in the court are experienced in the medical field, and may have a solid knowledge giving them the power to challenge any accusation made against them, and even seek publicity or consideration from a range of other doctors to interpret the symptoms that are manifested by the child. Similarly, the mothers or caregivers with this syndrome often do not change their behaviors when suspected, but change the professionals and consultants instead. Treatment of Munchausen by Proxy Syndrome MSbP is a very complicated disorder to treat, and often needs a long-period therapy and support that involve a social service, child protective service, law enforcement, and a teamwork of the physicians to improve a health state of the patient (Hanon, 1991). The first step to take is to safeguard and protect any real or potential victims by placing the child under the care of another person in order to avert the further maltreatment of the sufferer (Stirling, 2007). Successful treatment of individuals with this disorder usually proves to be difficult since such people often deny that there is a problem. Equally, the success of treatment is dependent on telling the truth, which MSbP individuals do not do, but instead become the accomplished liars. The known treatment involves an administering psychotherapy and cognitive-behavioral therapy aimed at helping the individual to detect the thoughts and feelings that are causing the behavior, and teaching to develop relationships not related with being ill (Stirling, 2007). Conclusion Munchausen by Proxy Syndrome is a disorder that is extremely difficult to diagnose since it is exhibited in various forms with accurate disease symptoms, making it complicated and uneasy to detect. It involves the parent or caregiver inducing illnesses, or inflicting injuries on their children or children under their care (Gregory, 2003). This disorder is difficult to believe especially when involving real mothers, owing to the fact that it is the responsibility of the mothers to protect and ensure that their children are safe from all kinds of harm. It is, therefore, important for the good of a society and a nation to study more the reasons for such a disaster. It seems to me that MSbP can result from a state of a personal unhappiness. The factors causing that may depend or do not depend on a personal choice. Nevertheless, I am in favor of making everything possible to direct things that totally are in our power in a right place. I believe, what can help to improve this difficult situation and to prevent such anomalies in a behavior is a proper education of children and adults in a matter of a personal relationship and social communication, namely, practical psychology. Not the less important is that the perpetrators suffering from MSbP should be treated as criminals in order to discourage people from being involved in such practices, especially after the confirmation of the characteristics with the help of a criminal psychologist. More research should also be conducted on the same topic to highlight and distinguish the causes and symptoms so that they can be addressed in good time, such as the use of family psychotherapy to improve cohesiveness and to minimize depression that have been identified as the causes of MSbP (Shannon, 2009). Buy custom Munchausen by Proxy Syndrome essay

An analyst for the Bank of England and you have been asked to analyse Essay

An analyst for the Bank of England and you have been asked to analyse and critically evaluate the causes and consequences of the - Essay Example It is apparent that events in the previous years such as the dotcom crash, bankruptcies and frauds of large firms such as Enron and the sub prime crisis all lead to successive weakening of the financial markets. The money and capital markets showed extreme distress selling and in the crash, assets were depreciated to the extent of 300 trillion USD. Money supply and demand underwent some dynamic changes with banks reluctant to release funds to borrowers for fear of that the loans would not repaid. The UK government attempted to correct the problems by bring in a number of measures and methods. These included macroeconomic instruments and quantitative easing that was used for the first time in UK financial history. The market reacted in a diffident manner to these economic policies and some slight recovery is apparent in the GDP, inflation and other indicators. Table of Contents An analyst for the Bank of England and you have been asked to analyse and critically evaluate the causes and consequences of the world financial crisis of 2007/2008 in the UK 1 January 19, 2013 1 1. Introduction 5 2. Causes and consequences of the financial crisis 6 3. Response of capital and money markets 11 4. Response and effectiveness of the macroeconomic policies 16 5. Conclusions 26 References 28 List of Figures Figure 2.1. LIBOR-OIS Spreads (Kacperczyk and Schnabl, 2012) 7 Figure 2.2. Rise in risk premium (McKibbin and Stoeckel, 2009) 8 Figure 2.3. Euro Area Government Bond Rate (Kacperczyk and Schnabl, 2012) 10 Figure 2.4. The US housing bubble and crash (McKibbin and Stoeckel, 2009) 10 Figure 3.1. UK market index FTSE100 (Stockcube 2012) 11 Figure 3.2. Global financial assets value reduction (McKinsey, 2009) 12 Figure 3.3. Dispersion in Money Market Funds (Kacperczyk and Schnabl, 2012) 13 Figure 3.4. Asset holding and their spread (Kacperczyk and Schnabl, 2012) 14 Figure 3.5. M2 Multiplier and the ratio of M2 to reserves (Hodson and Mabbett, 2009) 16 Figure 4.1. GBP response to p olicies (Benford, et al, 2010) 17 Figure 4.2. UK Percent Change in GDP (Benford, et al 2010) 18 Figure 4.3. Central Banks Asset Holdings (Benford, et al 2010) 19 Figure 4.4. Transmission mechanism for purchase of assets (Benford, et al 2010) 20 Figure 4.5. Desired movement of the LM curve (Thomas, 2010) 21 Figure 4.6. Actual movement of the LM curve (Benford, et al 2010) 22 Figure 4.7. New equilibrium point in the IS-LM model (Athey, 2009) 23 Figure 4.8. Impact of QE on the economy (Joyce, et al, 2011) 24 Figure 4.9. UK Money Multiplier (Bank of England, 2010) 25 Figure 4.10. UK GDP growth (ONS, 2012) 25 Figure 4.11. UK CPI Inflation rate (Benford, et al, 2011) 26 1. Introduction The previous decade saw one of the worst and most widespread financial crisis in modern history when global financial markets crashed from 2007-2008. The financial loss across the world measured in terms of devaluation of assets, insolvencies of banks and asset depreciation is estimated at 290 trillion Doll ars (Barrel, 2011). According to a report by Rose and Spiegel (2009), the recession was fallout of the sub prime crisis that originated in 2005 and the market crash occurred in 2007. Mishkin (2008) is of the opinion that the years before 2007 that saw the dotcom boom and bust, the peak in crude oil prices and the high value of the stock market were signs that a crash was coming. Nothing was done to prevent the market

Tourism strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Tourism strategy - Essay Example Services offered include travel shops, tour operators, and charter airlines. To complement the company's brand strength, Thomas Cook also owns a whole host of other renowned tour operator brands and airlines, including Thomas Cook Reisen, Neckermann, JMC, Condor, and Thomas Cook Airlines." (SAP customer success story, p.2). Corporate social responsibility is the motto of Thomas Cook Group. They provide support to the responsible tourism programs of the Travel Foundation by minimising the negative impacts arising from intensive tourism and maximising the benefits from the tourism to the local community. Through positively influencing the native society of the tourism destination, they contribute to the development of the industry itself. "Thomas Cook's mission is to "perfect the personal leisure experience." "In keeping with the values of Victorian society, Thomas Cook believed that by offering alternative, more virtuous and educational leisure activities, the lives of working people would be greatly improved and that everyone could become better educated through travel." (Steps towards a sustainable future). In order to achieve the operating profit target of $ 620 million in the period of 2009/ 2010, Thomas Cook differentiates their focusing from the main stream tour operating to independent travel and financial services. "Thomas Cook said it would increase targeted online sales to 35% in 2009/10 as part of its strategy of increasing controlled distribution." (Fearis 2007). Brief synopsis of the sustainable tourism strategy of Thomas Cook: Sustainable tourism is also referred as responsible tourism. It is based on the development of positive attitude towards the community and the environment of the destination to which the tourism is focused. Careful utilisation of valuable local resources for the benefit of the community and the protection of local environment is part of sustainable tourism. In this concept the following points are involved. 1. Admiring the local culture and environment of the destination. 2. Giving adequate economic returns to the people in the local community by buying their products and utilising their services. 3. Considering the savings of water and other natural resources in the environment. To co-operate with the energy saving programs initiated by local government is the main consideration required. 4. Contribution to protect the endangered wild life species in the destination. 5. Safeguarding the natural and cultural heritage of the tourism destination while tourists are in visit. 6. Self enjoyment and at the same time being responsible for one's own actions. 7. Caring and enhancing the attraction of the favourite destination through brilliant actions for the future generations of visitors. Sustainable tourism strategy adopted by Thomas Cook: Thomas Cook adopted sustainable tourism strategy. By holding the concept of social responsibility, they started the first holiday package. The sustainable tourism strategy of Thomas Cook is divided into six sections and for each of the section, detailed insight is provided for fulfilling the targeted goals. Thomas Cook is showing commitment to their sustainable tourism strategies. For the fulfilment of their objective they ensure the support and help from their clients. For helping to boost the local economy, local purchasing is

Comparing the Last Song and Dear John Essay Example for Free

Comparing the Last Song and Dear John Essay Comparing Movies The last 2 movies I saw were The Last Song and Dear John. Considering both of these movies are sappy Nicholas Sparks books, they have a ton of similarities. They also have some differences. I saw both of these movies more than 4 months ago so I hope I can even remember enough to compare them. One similarity is about 2 people that meet in a beach setting. In The Last Song, Ronnie, who is played by Miley Cyrus and is the main character, is shipped to her fathers house in Tybee Beach, Georgia, with her mothers hopes of her losing her bad attitude due to her arents rough divorce. While she is staying there, she meets a boy named Will who she tries to repel, but she ends up falling for him. In Dear John, which is also set in North Carolina, John, who is played by Channing Tatum, is visiting his father before he goes off to the army and Savannah, who is played by Amanda Seyfried, is going to school in North Carolina spends a month in Wilmington to built a house for Habitat for Humanity. These two also meet on the beach and fall in love. Another similarity is that death happens in both of these plots. In The Last Song, Ronnies dad had been aced with a battle with cancer and in the end of the story, he lost it. Leaving behind an ex wife, a changed-for-the-better daughter, and a young, very sensitive son. In Dear John, Johns dad had been suffering from having many heart attacks and eventually died. One last similarity is how the couples in both movies fall in love over a short period of time. In The Last Song, Ronnie tries to resist Will but she falls for him anyway over about a 2 week period. In Dear John, Savannah and John meet when Savannahs purse falls into the water and John goes to retrieve it. There were sparks there from the start. They also fell in love over a 2 week period. One of the most famous lines in that movie is said by Savannah and sounds like, Two weeks together, thats all it took. Two weeks for me to fall for you. There are also many differences in these movies. One, is that in The Last Song, Ronnie and Will end up together but in Dear John, Savannah marries a man who is dying and John sells his fathers prized coin collection to get money for his treatment but Savannah still loves John as much as she did. Another difference is in Dear John, the guy in the relationship goes away and leaves the girl. That doesnt happen in The Last Song ecause Will stays around and continues to date Ronnie. One last difference between these two movies is that the girls in both plots feel completely different towards the guys in the beginning. In Dear John, it was basically love at first sight. Savannah was attracted to John from the start. In The Last Song, Ronnie didnt like Will and tried to stay away from him. Both of these movies were based on books written by the same author so it was rather easy to find similarities. The plots of these movies are different but also have some of the same aspects. Comparing the Last Song and Dear John By lucilleparr

intro to networking and the tcp/ip stack :: essays research papers

SLIP is a TCP/IP protocol used for communication between two machines that are previously configured for communication with each other. For example, your Internet server provider may provide you with a SLIP connection so that the provider's server can respond to your requests, pass them on to the Internet, and forward your requested Internet responses back to you. A better service is provided by the Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP). Point-to-Point Protocol is a protocol for communication between two computers using a serial interface, typically a personal computer connected by phone line to a server. For example, your Internet server provider may provide you with a PPP connection so that the provider's server can respond to your requests, pass them on to the Internet, and forward your requested Internet responses back to you. PPP uses the Internet protocol and is designed to handle others. It is sometimes considered a member of the TCP/IP suite of protocols. Relative to the OSI referen ce model, PPP provides layer 2 (data-link layer) service. Essentially, it packages your computer's TCP/IP packets and forwards them to the server where they can actually be put on the Internet. PPP is a full-duplex protocol that can be used on various physical media, including twisted pair or fiber optic lines or satellite transmission. PPP is usually preferred over the earlier standard SLIP because it can handle synchronous as well as asynchronous communication. PPP can share a line with other users and it has error detection that SLIP lacks. Where a choice is possible, PPP is preferred. HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) is the set of rules for transferring files (text, graphic images, sound, video, and other multimedia files) on the Web. As soon as a Web user opens their Web browser, the user is indirectly making use of HTTP. HTTP is an application protocol that runs on top of the TCP/IP suite of protocols. HTTP concepts include the idea that files can contain references to other files whose selection will elicit additional transfer requests. Your Web browser is an HTTP client, sending requests to server machines. When the browser user enters file requests by either "opening" a Web site or clicking on a link, the browser builds an HTTP request and sends it to the Internet Protocol address indicated by the URL. File Transfer Protocol (FTP), a standard Internet protocol, is the simplest way to exchange files between computers on the Internet. intro to networking and the tcp/ip stack :: essays research papers SLIP is a TCP/IP protocol used for communication between two machines that are previously configured for communication with each other. For example, your Internet server provider may provide you with a SLIP connection so that the provider's server can respond to your requests, pass them on to the Internet, and forward your requested Internet responses back to you. A better service is provided by the Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP). Point-to-Point Protocol is a protocol for communication between two computers using a serial interface, typically a personal computer connected by phone line to a server. For example, your Internet server provider may provide you with a PPP connection so that the provider's server can respond to your requests, pass them on to the Internet, and forward your requested Internet responses back to you. PPP uses the Internet protocol and is designed to handle others. It is sometimes considered a member of the TCP/IP suite of protocols. Relative to the OSI referen ce model, PPP provides layer 2 (data-link layer) service. Essentially, it packages your computer's TCP/IP packets and forwards them to the server where they can actually be put on the Internet. PPP is a full-duplex protocol that can be used on various physical media, including twisted pair or fiber optic lines or satellite transmission. PPP is usually preferred over the earlier standard SLIP because it can handle synchronous as well as asynchronous communication. PPP can share a line with other users and it has error detection that SLIP lacks. Where a choice is possible, PPP is preferred. HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) is the set of rules for transferring files (text, graphic images, sound, video, and other multimedia files) on the Web. As soon as a Web user opens their Web browser, the user is indirectly making use of HTTP. HTTP is an application protocol that runs on top of the TCP/IP suite of protocols. HTTP concepts include the idea that files can contain references to other files whose selection will elicit additional transfer requests. Your Web browser is an HTTP client, sending requests to server machines. When the browser user enters file requests by either "opening" a Web site or clicking on a link, the browser builds an HTTP request and sends it to the Internet Protocol address indicated by the URL. File Transfer Protocol (FTP), a standard Internet protocol, is the simplest way to exchange files between computers on the Internet.

Premier Fitness Ethics Assignment

Ethics Assignment Premier Fitness The actions in question regarding Premier Fitness Clubs were proven to be misleading and in violation of the competition act as well as the basic consumerism trend that has aimed to empower consumers and increase their rights. In their quest to meet the firm’s profit oriented objectives, objectives of being economically usefull, and to earn enough profit to survive, Premier Fitness seemingly decided that they could forgo the objective of being socially useful. Misleading/false advertising and marketing was employed that drastically reduced or eliminated social usefulness by underhandedly convincing customers to enter contracts with the fitness club that resulted in materially higher fees, undisclosed costs, and high total net costs than the advertising would lead their customers to believe. Information was not adequately disclosed to portray the true costs associated with gym membership and cancellation of membership was found to be excessively difficult. Premier Fitness also was found to be withdrawing money from cancelled customer accounts which is also unethical behavior on their part. It is ironic that focusing on profit oriented objectives and the resulting unethical activity lead to the payment of a $200,000 fine by Premier Fitness for their unethical actions. Social usefulness was sacrificed by producing misleading advertisements that would lead customers to come to incorrect conclusions regarding total fees. This action violates the competition act and gave Premier Fitness and unethical advantage over their direct competition in the competitive business of fitness establishments. The competition act is structured to limit monopolistic behavior that could be damaging to smaller competitors and protect consumers, and by violating it, Premier Fitness could have negatively affected the competition in an unethical fashion as well as harmed consumers who ended up suffering greater financial losses than they had expected based on the advertising that they would have thought they fully understood. Premier Fitness’ false/misleading advertising and marketing would have left customers to believe that Premier Fitness was giving lower prices than the competition, which was not necessarily the case. Customers would therefore wrongly choose Premier Fitness’ services over those of the competition based on the superior price-point that Superior Fitness was seemingly offering. The result is that Premier Fitness’ acts harmed both the customers themselves as well as the competition that was advertising in a more ethical manor and losing business to Premier because of it. Advertising produced by Premier Fitness was misleading in that it violated many of the ‘do’s and don’ts’ of advertising. For example, using of fine print that was excessively small and possibly not legible. The impression created by the ad was much different than what the fine print conveyed. Also, not all material information was disclosed in all advertising, as some information was strategically left out of some advertisements. Premier’s misleading advertising and fine-print resulted in the charging of higher prices when multiple prices were appearing on their advertised product. With the misleading nature of the advertisements, customers were seemingly charged above the advertised price. The result of legal actions taken against Premier Fitness has undoubtedly affected their reputation considerably. Wide-spread negative publicity toward the company has unquestionably had a negative impact on the company’s operations. Websites designed to promote consumerism are a breeding grounds for the spreading of negative publicity towards unethical business operation. Although Premier continues to operate and has been in business for many years, it is conceivable that their reputation has been tarnished in a way that offsets any financial gains obtained through their unethical actions. Lost business due to poor reputation could easily have negatively impacted their financial objectives far more than gains achieved through misleading and false advertising. In order to fully recover from the negative effects on reputation that this incident has caused, Premier Fitness may benefit from re-aligning its objectives towards more of a customer oriented focus. Its marketing objectives must also be evaluation in order to be in line with such changes in the focus of the company objectives since marketing objectives often go hand-in-hand with company objectives. It is clear by the results observed in this case that Premier Fitness should have paid closer attention to the legal environment. Closer attention would have yielded the knowledge and understanding of the laws that inevitably were broken and could have guided Premier in a more ethical direction that would have bypassed the requirement for legal action and all the following negative publicity and financial ramifications that have haunted Premier Fitness thereafter.

Essay about Hamlets Fatal Flaw - 786 Words

Hamlets fatal flaw is his inability to act. Unlike his father, Hamlet lets his intelligence rather than his heroism govern him. When he has a chance to kill Claudius, and take vengeance for his fathers murder, he hesitates, reckoning that if he kills the man while he is at prayer, Claudius would have asked for pardon from the Lord and been forgiven of his sins, therefore allowing him to enter Heaven. Hamlet decides to wait for a better opening. His flaw of being hesitant in the end leads to his own death, and also the deaths of Gertrude, Ophelia, Laertes, and Claudius. Hamlets fatal flaw is his delay in avenging his fathers death. Hamlet is still devastated by his fathers death when the ghost appears to him, and he is unable to†¦show more content†¦He has a lot of trouble in coming to terms with all of the evil that is around him in a corrupt world. As Hamlet said himself, Tis an unweeded garden that grows to seed; Things rank and gross in nature possess it merely. One wonders how Hamlet can interact as well with his environment as he does; he has said many times that life is full of evil and deceit. He says to Rosencrantz that the world is a prison, in fact, a sizable one, in which there are many jails, cells, and dungeons. One also might expect him to be a very bitter person, but he is not. He is sometimes able to suppress his anger towards life in prison. Hamlet’s anger, and his need for revenge, places a great amount of stress on Him. Eventually, this stress became so great that it forced him to act. But why did he wait until his breaking point to do something? Perhaps Hamlet is not sure, even in his immense experience and understanding, whether justice should be left in his hands; despite the ghosts admonitions that it should. I agree with the belief that it is difficult, in a deceitful world, to tell a good man from a criminal. His morals guide him to be absolutely sure of his uncles guilt, and not have a hasty emotional reaction. I think Hamlet has a hard time understanding peoples evil motives, because of his own idealistic nature. Therefore it would be difficult for him to commit an act ofShow MoreRelatedHamlets Fatal Flaw Essay688 Words   |  3 Pagesparticularly intriguing in regards to his fatal flaw. Hamlet’s fatal flaw is a specific trait that forces him to postpone killing the king and it is this trait that drives Hamlet mad (Shakespeare 1.4.23-38). This Shakespearean tragedy is open to many interpretations of Hamlet’s fatal flaw. Two recent film productions of the play, Ke nneth Branaugh’s Hamlet and the Zeffirelli’s Hamlet, each show a different fatal flaw in Hamlet. Branaugh shows his fatal flaw to be that Hamlet over thinks everythingRead MoreTo Believe Or To Believe: No Question About It: An Analysis of Hamlets Fatal Flaw1236 Words   |  5 Pagesthe people of that age. It is important to examine the historical setting to fully understand some of the play’s subtler connotations. The protagonist of the play, Hamlet, is one of the most famous tragic heroes in existence, but the character’s fatal flaw is that he does not believe in God sufficiently. According to Christian doctrine, spirits that were not God originated from Hell, and ghosts were classified under demonology (Bath Newton, 3). This fact explains why Marcellus warns Hamlet not toRead MoreAnalysis Of Hamlet s Hamlet 1547 Words   |  7 PagesHamlet’s Hamartia Shakespeare s longest play is Hamlet, which takes place in the Kingdom of Denmark. Hamlet is a tragic tale about the Prince of Denmark and is a drama about revenge. Prince Hamlet is visited by his father’s ghost who demands he kill his uncle, Claudius, after Claudius killed Hamlet’s father. Yet despite being â€Å"†¦ the son of a dear father murdered, prompted to my revenge by heaven and hell,† Hamlet delays enacting vengeance on Claudius (II,2,584-585). This delay ultimatelyRead MoreAgamemnon, Hamlet and ALfred prufrock compasion essay1616 Words   |  7 Pagesroles in the plays, it would be best to know first what hamartia means to further connect them with this element. By definition, hamartia is a flaw in the hero’s personality that allows them to commit certain tragic or fatal mistakes. To better understand the significance of hamartia in the plays, a thorough understanding of each character’s personality flaws as well as how they respond to the circumstances is just as important. The central characters of these plays include Prince Hamlet in â€Å"Hamlet†Read MoreHamlet by William Shakespeare648 Words   |  3 PagesTo be, or not to be, or maybe just to pretend to be – Hamlet - make up your mind already! Before discussing Hamlet’s hamartia, please let me say that Hamlet is one of my all-time favorite plays. Yes, it is tragic. Yes, they all fall in the end. But, good lord, what action! So, what is this shortcoming the unfortunate Hamlet possesses that brings about his undeserved end? Before discussing the frailty of this tragic hero, let us examine the word, hamartia, used by Aristotle in â€Å"The Poetics†. HamartiaRead MoreDifferences in the Tragedies of Romeo and Juliet and Hamlet by William Shakespeare1621 Words   |  7 Pagesact in the manner that will allow the truth to be reviled, as the truth is the ultimate goal. Hamlet and Romeo and Juliet are tragedies that end in death. The foils of Laertes and Horatio compared to Benvolio and Tybalt are able to portray the fatal flaws of of the heroes while also defining the differences of each tragedy. Laertes is seen as a man of action that does not think about the consequences. When finding out about his father’s death he proves his spontaneity by declaring, â€Å"I dare damnationRead More Hamlet As An Aristotelian Tragedy Essay581 Words   |  3 Pagesmust fall through his or her own error. This is typically called the quot;tragic flawquot;, and can be applied to any characteristic that causes the downfall the hero. Shakespeares Hamlet, Prince of Denmark can be seen as an Aristotelian tragedy and Hamlet as its tragic hero. Hamlets flaw, which in accordance with Aristotles principles of tragedy causes his demise, is his inability to act. This defect of Hamlets character is displayed throughout the play. In the opening scenes of the play,Read More Hamlet Essay1206 Words   |  5 PagesHamlet Each major character of Shakespeare’s Hamlet has a major flaw, which destroys him or her. The King, Queen, Hamlet, Ophelia, and Polonius all have these flaws but Horatio does not. He is Shakespeare’s ideal man. Claudius’ fatal flaw is ambitiousness. Claudius kills his brother King Hamlet and then takes the throne by marrying King Hamlet’s wife: â€Å"Therefore our sometime sister, now our queen†¦have we (as ‘twere with a defeated joy, with an auspicious and a dropping eye, withRead MoreThe Tragic Flaw of Hamlet Essay792 Words   |  4 PagesThe Tragic Flaw of Hamlet One of the greatest works in literature, Shakespeares Hamlet has been the topic of controversial discussion ever since it was written. The controversies range from Is Hamlet truly mad, to Is Hamlet really in love with Ophelia. The most intriguing topic of discussion though, is Hamlets fatal flaw. As in all Shakespearean works, there is always a tragic hero. This hero is always the person that the audience comes to love, however every tragic hero has to haveRead MoreIs Hamlet A Tragic Hero Essay961 Words   |  4 Pagesmakes an error of judgment or has a fatal flaw that, combined with fate and external forces, brings on a tragedy.†. Throughout the play, which follows Hamlet as he plots to get revenge on his uncle Claudius for his father’s murder, Hamlet reveals his tragic flaw. A tragic flaw is â€Å"a character trait that brings about the downfall of the protagonist; ironically, in some works, this ‘flaw’ is the characters greatest strength taken to an extreme.† Hamlet’s tragic flaw is his inability to take action due